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#Haem

Sickle Cell Disease

Jan. 21, 2024

Anaemic, Hb-S >95% Hb-A 0% Clinical - vaso-occlusive crisis Acute - septicaemia, aplastic crisis, sequestration crisis Chronic - hypo…

#Haem

Sickle Cell Trait

Jan. 21, 2024

Normal blood count Hb Electrophoresis: Hb-S 45%, Hb-A 55% Clinical picture - only issues in times of stress for body eg hypoxia/dehydration …

#Haem

The Hemophilias

Jan. 21, 2024

X linked disorders so typically expressed in males, carried by females (but can show some symptoms rarely) Severity is consistent between family…

#Haem

Von Willebrand Disease

Jan. 21, 2024

Most common heritable bleeding disorder - defect in quality or quantity of vWF. Each type or more severe Type 1 - quantitative defect, autosomal domi…

#Haem #Oncology

Lymphoma

Jan. 21, 2024

B or T cell usually solid malignancy in a lymph node B symptoms Fever Weight loss Night sweats Hodgkin's lymphoma Presenc…

#Haem #Oncology

Multiple myeloma

Jan. 21, 2024

Plasma cell proliferation usually in older people - incurable but very treatable CRAB diagnostic criteria: Calcium ↑ - increased osteocl…

#Haem #Oncology

Chronic lymphoblastic leukaemia

Jan. 21, 2024

Excessive proliferation of mature B cells Most common leukaemia Associated with autoimmune conditions

#Haem #Oncology

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

Jan. 21, 2024

Chronic phase Accelerated phase Blast phase  Slow growing cancer of mature myeloid cells which don't function properly Mai…

#Haem #Oncology

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Jan. 21, 2024

Rapid growth and accumulation of immature lymphocytes Most common type of leukaemia in children Similar symptoms to AML Treatment philos…

#Haem #Oncology

Myelodysplastic syndromes

Jan. 21, 2024

Similar to AML with ineffective haematopoiesis Low risk only treat if symptomatic, high risk treat like AML

#Haem #Oncology

Acute myeloid leukaemia

Jan. 21, 2024

Accumulation and proliferation of immature myeloid cells Median presenting age 69 Features of bone marrow failure (anaemia, severe opportunis…

#Acute #Haem

Transfusion complications

Jan. 21, 2024

Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions Due to cytokines or other biologically active molecules that accumlate during storage of blood com…

#Haem

Blood transfusion

Jan. 21, 2024

Red Blood Cells 1 unit raises Hb by 10g/L and contains 200-250 mg of iron 10-20ml/kg recipient Stored at 4°C for up to 35 days Pla…

#Dermatology #ID

Rashes

Jan. 21, 2024

Impetigo - classically ruptured honey-coloured vesicles. S aureus or Strep. pyogenes Scarlet fever - flushed face with circumoral pallor, "sa…

#Acute #ID #Neurology

Meningococcaemia

Jan. 21, 2024

Mortality 5-10% (90% if DIC), morbidity 10% Maculopapular rash

#ID #Neurology

Meningitis in infants

Jan. 21, 2024

Non-specific clinical presentation in infants Viral - more common Enteroviruses 50% HSV, influenza, EBV, adenovirus, CMV Bacterial: …

#Respiratory #Paediatrics

Pertussis

Jan. 21, 2024

Highly communicable acute resp infection caused by B. pertussis Whooping cough - vaccine available Catarrheal phase - cold like Paroxy…

#Respiratory #Paediatrics

Pertussis

Jan. 21, 2024

Highly communicable acute resp infection caused by B. pertussis Whooping cough - vaccine available Catarrheal phase - cold like Paroxy…

#ID #Paediatrics

Infections in children

Jan. 21, 2024

URT infections Pharyngitis Acute tonsillitis Croup - inflammation and narrowing of subglottic region (larynx) Acute otitis media LRT…

#Acute #ID

Neonate sepsis

Jan. 21, 2024

Early onset first 72 hour - Group B strep/E coli., colonised during delivery Late onset after 72h same organisms but healthcare associated

#ID #OBGYN

Infections in Pregnancy

Jan. 21, 2024

Toxoplasmosis Other (syphilis, HIV, Coxsackie, HBV, VZV) Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes simplex disease Intramniotic Chorioamnio…

#Oncology #OBGYN

Ovarian Cancer

Jan. 21, 2024

Often presents late due to the non-specific symptoms resulting in a worse prognosis. Presents with abdominal bloating, early satiety, pelvic pain, pe…

#Oncology #OBGYN

Leiomyoma

Jan. 21, 2024

Benign smooth muscle tumour aka uterine fibroids Can be asymptomatic Very common gyne condition

#OBGYN

Endometrial cancer

Jan. 21, 2024

2 types of adenocarcinomas (Type 1 endometrioid, Type 2 serous) FIGO staging Lynch syndrome also increases risk of endometrial cancer (MLH1) …

#OBGYN

Endometrial hyperplasia

Jan. 21, 2024

Obesity, PCOS, estrogen exposure - treatment by reducing exposure Simple with normal stroma:gland complex \(\uparrow\) glands:\(\downarrow\) str…

#OBGYN

Endometrial polyps

Jan. 21, 2024

Endometrial overgrowths Almost all benign - but risk of malignancy increases with age Removal recommended

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Tags

  1. #Acute
  2. #AIassisted
  3. #Antibiotic
  4. #Cardiovascular
  5. #Dermatology
  6. #Drug
  7. #Endocrinology
  8. #ENT
  9. #Examination
  10. #Geriatrics
  11. #Haem
  12. #Incomplete
  13. #ID
  14. #MSK
  15. #Nephrology
  16. #Neurology
  17. #Oncology
  18. #Ophthalmology
  19. #Orthopaedics
  20. #OSCE
  21. #Psychiatry
  22. #Radiology
  23. #Reproductive
  24. #Respiratory
  25. #Rheumatology
  26. #Surgery
  27. #Symptom
  28. #Urology
  29. #Paediatrics
  30. #OBGYN
  31. #Gastroenterology
  32. #Genetics
  33. #Neonatology
  34. #Hepatology