ALPHA
Anti-glomerular basement membrane
Anti-GBM previously known as Goodpasture's syndrome haemoptysis + haematuria + proteinuria
Continue readingKawasaki disease
Usually affects children <5 It is a form of vasculitis, with fever, rash, and glandular swelling Any fever lasting 5+ days think Kawas…
Continue readingDifferent vasculitis
Vasculitis Vessels Lab Findings Key Features Henoch-Schonlein Purpur…
Continue readingMycobacterium Tuberculosis
Can become dormant or disseminate depending on host immune system Risk at extremes of ages + immunocompromised 90% of primary infections asymp…
Continue readingAmyloidosis
AL amyloid due to myeloma AA amyloid due to chronic inflammatory conditions Depositions of protein in glomerulus = impaired filtration
Continue readingTubulointerstitial Nephritis
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction against tubules due to drugs or infection Presents with AKI
Continue readingGlomerulonephritis
Name Cause Most common presentation Minimal change disease ? autoimmune children with nephrotic, little…
Continue readingRheumatoid Arthritis
Anti-CCP antibody - more specific than RF with similar sensitivity Rheumatoid factor - antibody against Fc region of IgG. Commonly found in RA b…
Continue readingAutoimmune types
Type Description Type I reaction mediated by IgE antibodies Type II cytotoxic reaction mediated…
Continue readingImmunosuppression
Corticosteroids - \(\downarrow\) neutrophil margination, \(\downarrow\) inflammatory cytokines,\(\downarrow\) T cell proliferation,…
Continue readingJAK inhibitors
reduce inflammation stops the fuel for diseases like eczema, psoriasis, and vitiligo
Continue readingLichen planus
A rash that can affect parts of the body including mouth and hands F >> M skin involvement 10-15% Autoinflammatory disease - T cell i…
Continue readingPsoriasis
Well defined red oval plaques on extensor surfaces - fine silvery scale - autoimmune so treat with Anti-TNF & Abatacept Microscopy Regul…
Continue readingSystemic Lupus Erythematosus
Autoimmune connect tissue disorder Classic 4 symptoms of SLE: Photosensitive malar rash Multiple mouth ulcers Arthralgia Alopecia …
Continue readingOsteomalacia
Defective bone mineralisation causes "soft" bones due to insufficient vitamin D. The same process causes rickets in children. Vita…
Continue readingParaneoplastic Syndromes
Lung Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA), which is the combination of clubbing and periostitis of the small hand joints. As seen i…
Continue readingAnti-body tests
Anti-centromere - CREST Anti-CCP - Rheumatoid arthritis ANCA - CANCA is Wegener's and PANCA is Churg-Strauss Anti-Dsdna - SLE specific …
Continue readingPrimary sclerosing cholangitis vs biliary cholangitis
Both are autoimmune disease where the the bile ducts are affected. Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Intra and extra hepatic bile duc…
Continue readingBone changes in osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid
Osteoarthritis LOSS - irregular bone remodelling: Loss of joint space Osteophyte formation (bony spurs protrude out) Sclerosis (underl…
Continue readingReactive Arthritis
Reactive arthritis is defined as an arthritis that develops following an infection where the organism cannot be recovered from the joint. Can'…
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