| Drug Class |
Loop diuretic |
| Mechanism |
- Inhibits Na/K/2Cl pump in ascending loop of Henle
- Inhibits reabsorption of Na, K and water leading to their loss
|
| Typical Dose |
20-40mg PO OD, taken in morning |
| Indications |
- Oedema secondary to LVF/HF
- Oliguria secondary to renal failure
|
| Contra-indications |
- Hypovolaemia/dehydration
- Severe hypokalaemia/hyponatraemia
- Comatose states
|
| Side-effects |
OH DANG
O - ototoxicity
H - hypokalemia
D - dehydration
A - allergy
N - nephritis
G - gout |
| Interactions |
- Antibiotics: ↑ risk of ototoxicity associated with aminoglycosides, colistin and aminoglycosides
- Digoxin: furosemide-induced hypokalaemia, increased effects of digoxin
- Lithium: ↓ excretion - so higher risk of toxicity
|
| Elimination |
|
| Additional Notes |
Loop diuretics more effective that thiazide |
ALPHA